Investigating Propagation of Short-Period Ocean Waves Into the Periphery of Arctic Pack Ice Using High-Resolution Upward-Looking Sonar     

Matthew G. Asplin  John Marko  David B. Fissel  Keath Borg 《大气与海洋》2018,56(3):152-161

Springtime fetch in the Cape Bathurst Polynya System may present opportunities for winds to generate waves capable of propagating into the thick pack ice formed over the winter. A waves-in-ice event at a study site located on the Canadian Shelf in the southern Beaufort Sea that occurred 22–23 May 2011 is presented and analyzed for wave energy attenuation and dissipation characteristics. The event was monitored near the ice edge and, therefore, presents information on attenuation of waves from the ice edge into the pack. Waves of T?=?5?s, λ?=?37.5?m were observed up to approximately 143?m and approximately 77?m away from the ice edge during two separate observation periods of ice edge wave propagation. We estimated reflection coefficients of 53% and 52% and wave attenuation coefficients of α?=?2.4?×?10^?2?m^?1 and α?=?5.4?×?10^?2?m^?1, respectively, for the two periods. Estimated attenuation rates are an order of magnitude greater than in comparable studies and are inconsistent with previous findings of a “rollover” effect in attenuation rates for short-period waves.  相似文献   

二维小波变换在侧扫声图目标检测中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

秦清亮 《海洋测绘》2014,(3):63-66

针对侧扫声纳图像目标边缘检测困难的问题,利用二维离散小波变换对侧扫声纳(SSS)声图进行多分辨率分析,对大尺度分解的小波系数进行非极大值抑制,并重构小尺度上的低频分量。联合各尺度上的低频分量,构建SSS声图像素点处特征向量,构成其特征空间,对特征空间进行主成分分析,压缩其维数,并对压缩后的特征向量进行K-均值聚类分析,提取类间边缘线。利用含有沉船的SSS声图,并在其均质区域内加入目标与声影进行验证实验。该方法在实验中边缘检测准确率为0.90,表明该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

主动声纳探测效能评估的HMG法     

李胜全  李宏武  高飞  潘长明  孙磊 《海洋测绘》2015,35(3):67-70

海洋水声环境时空变化显著,评估其对主动声纳探测效能的影响具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。提出HMG方法用以评估水声环境效应对主动声纳探测的影响。采用UMPE(The university of miami parabolic equation)、CANARY、JACKSON模型模拟特定海洋环境下的传播损失、环境噪声、混响分布,将模拟结果融入主动声纳检测概率模型,计算检测概率。评估结果发现近场检测概率较高,远场可检测的区域与声能汇聚区一致。  相似文献   

基于多波束声呐的人工鱼礁区地形特征分析   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

李东  唐诚  邹涛  刘斌  侯朝伟  张华 《海洋科学》2017,41(5):127-133

建设人工鱼礁(Artificial Reef,AR)是恢复和养护近海渔业资源的重要措施。尽管中国沿海各地人工鱼礁规模宏大,但对于鱼礁投放后的监测明显不足。传统调查方法存在效率低、成本高等缺点,多波束测深系统(Multibeam Echo Sounder,MBES)为探测鱼礁区地形地貌提供了一种有效的技术手段。本文利用高分辨率的多波束测深系统,获取礁区详细的测深数据,快速确定鱼礁位置、形态等信息;应用地形分析工具提取地形变量(坡度、曲率、粗糙度、地形耐用指数及地形起伏度),分析投石后海底地形特征。研究表明,礁石投放后海底地形发生显著变化(水深5~10 m),礁石发生沉降现象(下沉深度约0.45 m),礁石周围出现冲淤地形(礁石堆高1.65 m,影响范围5 m左右)。分析人工鱼礁引起的微地形地貌的变化,可以为鱼礁的监测与效果评估工作提供一种新的技术方法,具有较强的现实意义。  相似文献   

An expectation maximization and smoothing approach for indirect acoustic estimation of fish size and density     

Hedgepeth  J. B.; Gallucci  V. F.; O'Sullivan  F.; Thorne  R. E. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1999,56(1):36-50

  相似文献   

Tracking herring schools with a high resolution sonar. Variations in horizontal area and relative echo intensity   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Misund  Ole Arve; Ferno  Anders; Pitcher  Tony; Totland  Bjorn 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(1):58-66

  相似文献   

多波束海底声像图的形成及应用研究   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

唐秋华  陈义兰  周兴华  杜德文 《海洋测绘》2004,24(5):9-12

在探讨多波束海底声像图形成原理基础上,重点研究多个扇面、多个条带的反向散射强度数据拼接、镶嵌方法,将海底反向散射强度值向图像灰度值转换,最后形成海底声像图,为海底地貌解译、海底目标物探测以及海底底质类型划分提供判读依据。  相似文献   

基于多频钻孔声呐的溶洞探测方法研究     

汪进超  王川婴  唐新建  韩增强  王益腾  胡胜 《岩土力学》2020,41(1):353-361

地下溶洞的形态及大小特征对该区域地质结构的稳定性计算和评价具有重要意义,而目前所使用的钻孔声呐法通用性低,很难同时满足探测精度和探测广度的需求。为此,在传统钻孔声呐法的基础上,提出了一种基于多频钻孔声呐的溶洞探测方法。该方法在考虑了不同频率对实际探测对象贡献大小的基础上,合成了多种频率的探测数据,有效解决了探测尺度和探测精度之间对立的问题。首先,推导了探测系统的最佳频率表达式,为优先和更大程度上体现不同频率对探测结果分析的影响提供基本参数,并构建了频率影响因子参数来描述固有频率与最佳频率之间的偏离程度;然后,在叠加了频率影响因子的基础上,综合合成了多种探测频率的探测数据,采用改进的频谱测距法完成了探测对象的精确测定;最后,在附加深度以及方位信息之后,实现了溶洞腔体形态的立体重建;并将该方法应用到了实际工程中,验证了方法的可行性和准确性。  相似文献   

侧扫声呐在人工鱼礁跟踪监测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵刚  李妍  许祝华 《江苏地质》2020,44(3):307-311

随着海洋渔业资源的衰退和海洋生态环境的破坏,人工鱼礁技术得到迅速发展,成为海洋牧场建设的重要组成部分。虽然在人工鱼礁的设计时已考虑了防沉降、防倾覆等因素,但在建设过程中仍会面临上述问题,影响礁区的建设效果。利用侧扫声呐对连云港海州湾海洋牧场示范区进行鱼礁数据采集,根据阴影长度计算目标物高度的原理计算目标鱼礁的高度,分析对比鱼礁沉降量,结果表明个别礁体存在破损、倾斜,实际礁体布局与预设布局有一定的偏差,方形礁体抗沉降能力优于“十”字形礁体。  相似文献   

How many measurements are required to construct an accurate sand budget in a large river? Insights from analyses of signal and noise     

Paul E. Grams  Daniel Buscombe  David J. Topping  Matt Kaplinski  Joseph E. Hazel Jr 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(1):160-178

Morphological change in river channels is frequently evaluated in the context of mass balance sediment budgets. In a closed sediment budget, measurements of sediment influx and efflux are coupled with measured changes in channel topography to provide both spatial and temporal resolution, and independent estimates of the mass balance. For sediment budgets constructed over long river segments (~10² channel widths or greater) and long periods (~2 years or longer), spatial and temporal accumulation of measurement uncertainty, compounded by inadequate sampling frequency or spatial coverage, may produce indeterminate results. The degree of indeterminacy may be evaluated in the context of a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is a function of the magnitude of the mass balance and the magnitudes of potential systematic uncertainties associated with measurements and incomplete sampling. We report on a closed sand budget consisting of measurements of flux and two morphological surveys for a 50-km segment of a large river over a 3-year period. Accurate reporting of the magnitude and sign of the change in sand storage was only possible by using state-of-the-art techniques with high temporal frequency and large spatial extent. Together, a sand flux and morphological mass balance revealed that sand evacuation was temporally concentrated (~100% of mass change occurred during 19% of the study period) and highly localized (70% of mass change occurred in 12% of the study segment). A SNR analysis revealed that uncertainty resulting from undersampling may approach or exceed that caused by measurement uncertainty and that daily sampling of suspended-sand concentration or repeat mapping of at least 50% of the river segment was required to determine the sand budget with SNR > 1. The approach used here to analyze sand budget uncertainty is especially applicable to other river systems with large temporal variability in sediment transport and large spatial variability in erosion and deposition. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献